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The exploration of ground-state topology in quantum materials has led to the discovery of a variety of exotic topological phases with unconventional Hall responses. In two-dimensional systems, Chern insulators exhibit the quantum anomalous Hall effect, while spin Chern insulators underlie the quantum spin Hall effect. Extending beyond charge and spin, recent advances in orbitronics have revealed a transverse response of orbital angular momentum—known as the orbital Hall effect.
In this talk, I will introduce a comprehensive framework for understanding orbital Chern insulators (OCIs)—topological phases characterized by a nontrivial orbital degree of freedom [1]. We not only establish the theoretical foundations of OCIs but also identify two-dimensional phosphorene as a promising material platform for their realization. Our findings open new avenues for orbital topology in materials science and could pave the way for novel topological phases and orbitronics-based applications.
1. Yueh-Ting Yao et al., Orbital topology induced orbital Hall effect in two-dimensional insulators, Rep. Prog. Phys. 89 018001 (2026).